Product Description
Nickelodeon is the highest rated daytime channel in the country, and its cultural influence has grown at an astounding pace. Why are Nickelodeon shows so popular? How are they developed and marketed? And where do they fit in the economic picture of the children’s media industry? Nickelodeon Nation, the first major study of the only TV channel just for children, investigates these questions.

Intended for a wide range of readers and illustrated thorughout, the essays in Nickelodeon Nation are grouped into four sections: economics and marketing; the production process; programs and politics; and viewers. The contributors—who include a former employee in Nick’s animation department, an investigative journalist, a developmental pyschologist who helped develop Blue’s Clues, and television and cultural studies scholors—show how Nickelodeon succeeds, in large part, by simultaneously satisfying both children and adults. For kids, Nick offers gross-out jokes and no-holds-barred goofiness, while for adults it offers a violence-free world, ethnic and racial diversity, and gender parity. Nick gives kids the fun they want by gently violating adult ideas of propriety, and satisfies adults by conforming to their vision of “quality” children’s programming.

Nickelodeon Nation shows how, in only twenty years, Nickelodeon has transformed itself from the “green vegetable network”—distasteful for kids but “good for them,” according to parents—into a super-cool network with some of the most successful shows on the air. This ground-breaking collection fills a major gap in our understanding of both contemporary children’s culture and the television industry.

Contributors include: Daniel R. Anderson, Sarah Banet-Weiser, Henry Jenkins, Mark Langer, Vicki Mayer, Susan Murray, Heather Hendershot, Norma Pecora, Kevin S. Sandler, Ellen Seiter, Linda Simensky, and Mimi Swartz.
Nickelodeon Nation: The History, Politics, and Economics of America’s Only TV Channel for Kids

The history of lottery in Canada is a short one but very interesting. Although the lottery is thriving very well right now in Canada, before 1967, it was not allowed by law to buy a ticket of the Irish Sweepstakes. The Government of Canada came up with an Omnibus bill in 1967 which was to take care of all laws which had turned obsolete and outdated. This bill was sponsored by the Minister of Justice – Pierre-Elliot Trudeau. He made an announcement that the government would make changes which were required so that the stand on lotteries in Canada too could become very clear.While this was going on, the mayor of Montreal – Jean Drapeau, came up with a way to recover the money which had been incurred on the World’s Fair and the subway system which had been introduced out there. It was considered to be a sort of a voluntary tax to be paid by the public. In return for a payment $2 which would be donated, a player could take part in a $100,000 prize draw. Drapeau didn’t consider this draw to be a form of lottery as the winners were given silver bars as prizes. Also the people who qualified in the first draw would then have to answer four questions correctly so that they could actually win the prize in the second draw. The first draw was held on May 27, 1968.This voluntary tax started a series of debates in Ottawa and Quebec City whether such a type of voluntary tax was actually legal. While the Minister of Justice considered it to be a kind of lottery, Drapeau stuck to his argument saying that it didn’t break any federal law. During this time of heated debates regarding the status of the voluntary tax, the monthly draws continued without facing any problems. It got participation from other parts of the world like Asia, Europe and the United States. Of course it had players throughout Canada taking part in it.In 1968, the Quebec Appeal Court considered Drapeau’s voluntary tax to be breaking the law. But this verdict was not accepted by the mayor and he decided to appeal to the Supreme Court. Even as the debate continued further, the sales of this voluntary tax reduced drastically. Finally, on December 23, 1969 the government was allowed to run lottery systems by law after a suitable amendment was made in the country’s Criminal Code.This led the way to the introduction of the first provincial lottery in 1970 – Quebec’s Inter-Loto. Once this happened, the other provinces too came up with their own versions of lotteries. The government of Canada was able to get much needed revenue so that the expenses spent on the 1976 Summer Olympics could be recovered by it. This lottery was known as the Olympic Lottery and run by the Government in the late 1970’s. Right now there are two national lotteries running in Canada – they are the Lotto 6/49, and the Lotto Super 7. Both of them are doing well in Canada.

The history of radio dates back to centuries ago and many people seem to be associated with it. Apart from James Clerk Maxwell there are many people who contributed to the idea of radio, some of the most famous are Michael Faraday, Friedrich Kohlrausch, Wilhelm Weber, and Heinrich Hertz. These were the people who contributed in one way or other for the development of radio.

Similarly, history of television also involves work of many scientists and engineers who work directly or indirectly for the invention and development of television. Just like history of radio, the history of television is also very vast and rich involving many people from many countries. So it would be wrong if we just mention the name of one person as many scientist, technicians, engineers work in their fields what we are seeing today as television.

Earlier television was mechanical as well as electronic gadget but later it became purely electronic item. So we can safely say that the foundation stone i.e. electromechanical principles were taken over by purely electronics as we are seeing it today. Actually, Maxwell was very impressed with electromagnetism related work of Michael Faraday. The main turning point in the development of radio started with the technical paper on Faraday’s ideas on electromagnetism by Maxwell in 1855.

On the similar lines, the invention of television also involves work from several technicians, scientists and engineers who worked in different fields. Basically there are two different fields of technologies: early inventors tried to build a mechanical television on the basis of rotating disks technology by Paul Nipkow, whereas later electronic television was developed on the basis of cathode ray tube (CRT) in 1907 by English inventor Campbell and Russian scientist Boris.

We all know that over the period of time these were electronic television systems that replaced mechanical television technology due to obvious reasons, such as better performance, low heating and low power consumptions.